Rible.jl

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控制枢纽 ​

如果说 Structure 描述了机器人的由肌肉骨骼组成的“身体”，那么ControlHub则定义了它的“神经中枢”：它规定了机器人能感知什么以及能执行什么。

  1. 通过量器（Gauges）感知：Gauges 定义如何从复杂的物理状态（坐标、速度）中提取反馈控制策略或价值函数所需的特征向量。

  2. 通过致动器（Actuators）驱动：Actuators 定义如何将驱动指令转化为物理系统中的广义力。

这种架构使得相同的物理模型可以无缝配合不同的控制界面，便于控制算法的实现。

2. 致动器 (Actuators) ​

所有的致动器都继承自抽象类型 AbstractActuator。致动器的职责是将控制器输出的标量序列映射为作用在物理系统中的力。

  • ExternalForceActuator: 最常用的具体实现，用于在物体的特定位点（Locus）施加力或力矩。

致动器的行为通过以下函数定义：

  • actuate!(bot, policy, state): 顶层入口。它根据当前的策略计算整个机器人的驱动量，并触发所有子致动器。

  • execute!(structure, actuator, u): 执行单个致动器，将驱动量 u 转化为广义力并累加到系统的力向量中。

  • gen_force_actu_jacobian!(∂F∂u, structure, actuator, u): 计算产生的广义力相对于驱动量 u 的雅可比矩阵。这是伴随矩阵计算和轨迹优化的基础。

3. 量器 (Gauges) ​

量器定义了机器人对自身或环境的观测方式。所有量器都继承自 AbstractGauge。

采集器与误差量器的区分 ​

为了适应反馈控制和优化求解的不同需求，Rible 将量器分为两类：

3.1 采集器 (CaptumGauge) ​

CaptumGauge 用于获取原始反馈信号。它通常输入给策略函数（Policy）或用于状态监控。

  • 组成：由一个 Signifier（指向物体位点）和一个 Captum（如 PositionCaptum）组成。

  • 输出：通常是一个向量（如 3D 位置向量）。

3.2 误差量器 (ErrorGauge) ​

ErrorGauge 在观测的基础上引入了参考值 (Reference)。它直接计算“现状”与“目标”之间的偏差。

  • 数学本质：通常计算加权平方和误差

  • 输出：是一个标量。

  • 应用：ErrorGauge 是构建 Objective（轨迹优化代价函数）的原子单元。

核心接口：测量 ​

量器的计算围绕以下接口展开：

  • measure!(out, st, sig, cap): 根据具体的标识符（Signifier）和采集器（Captum）类型，将物理属性（如特定位点的位置、速度等）直接写入输出缓冲区 out。

  • measure_jacobian!(Jq, Jv, Js, st, sig, cap): 用于计算测量值相对于系统广义坐标 、广义速度 以及辅助变量 的雅可比矩阵。

4. 示例：构建一个简易倒立摆 ​

以下展示了如何为一个简化的倒立摆（Cart-pole）系统构建 ControlHub。

步骤 1：物理结构准备 ​

首先，我们需要为机器人创建一个物理结构（Structure）。在这个例子中，我们定义了一个带有杆子的小车。

julia
using Rible
using StaticArrays
using LinearAlgebra
import TypeSortedCollections as TSC

# 物理结构准备 (小车 L=1.0)
l = 1.0
mass_locus = Locus(@SVector zeros(3))
loci = [Locus(@SVector zeros(3)), Locus(SVector(0.0, l, 0.0))]
prop_cart = RigidBodyProperty(1, true, 1.0, SMatrix{3,3,Float64}(I), mass_locus, loci)
prop_pole = RigidBodyProperty(2, true, 0.5, SMatrix{3,3,Float64}(I), mass_locus, loci)

cart = RigidBody(prop_cart, RigidBodyState(prop_cart, zeros(3), SMatrix{3,3,Float64}(I), zeros(3), zeros(3)), NC1P3V(zeros(3), zeros(3), SMatrix{3,3,Float64}(I)), nothing)
pole = RigidBody(prop_pole, RigidBodyState(prop_pole, SVector(0.0, l/2, 0.0), SMatrix{3,3,Float64}(I), zeros(3), zeros(3)), NC1P3V(SVector(0.0, l/2, 0.0), SVector(0.0, l/2, 0.0), SMatrix{3,3,Float64}(I)), nothing)

bodies = TSC.TypeSortedCollection([cart, pole])
apparatuses = TSC.TypeSortedCollection(Int[])
st_obj = Structure(bodies, apparatuses, Connectivity(bodies, apparatuses))
Structure{TypeSortedCollections.TypeSortedCollection{Tuple{Vector{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}}, 1}, TypeSortedCollections.TypeSortedCollection{Tuple{}, 0}, Connectivity{Vector{Vector{Int64}}}, Rible.StructureState{CoordinatesState{Float64, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}}, Vector{CoordinatesState{Float64, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, Vector{Float64}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}}}}, @NamedTuple{activated_bits::BitVector, persistent_bits::BitVector, friction_coefficients::Vector{Float64}, restitution_coefficients::Vector{Float64}, gaps::Vector{Float64}}, Rible.StructureCache{InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseVector{Float64, Int64}}}}(3, TypeSortedCollections.TypeSortedCollection{Tuple{Vector{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}}, 1}((RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}[RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}(RigidBodyProperty{3, Float64, 9}(true, true, 1, :generic, 1.0, [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}[Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0)]), RigidBodyState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}[Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0])]), NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}(1, 3, LNCData{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [1 0 … 0 0; 0 1 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], LinearAlgebra.Symmetric{Int64, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Int64, Int64}}[[0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 2 0; 0 0 … 0 2], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0]], 6, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}([1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}[[1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]], InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}(sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5], 12, 12), sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], false), [0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; … ; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]), nothing), RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}(RigidBodyProperty{3, Float64, 9}(true, true, 2, :generic, 0.5, [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}[Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0)]), RigidBodyState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}[Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0])]), NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}(1, 3, LNCData{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [1 0 … 0 0; 0 1 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], LinearAlgebra.Symmetric{Int64, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Int64, Int64}}[[0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 2 0; 0 0 … 0 2], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0]], 6, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}([1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}[[1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]], InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}(sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5], 12, 12), sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], false), [0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; … ; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]), nothing)],), ([1, 2],)), TypeSortedCollections.TypeSortedCollection{Tuple{}, 0}((), ()), Connectivity{Vector{Vector{Int64}}}(2, 0, 0, 0, 24, 12, 0, 12, 12, 12, 0, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10  …  15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24], [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24]], [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]], [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]], Vector{Int64}[], Vector{Int64}[], [[1, 2], [3, 4]], Signifier{Int64}[Signifier{Int64}(1, 1), Signifier{Int64}(1, 2), Signifier{Int64}(2, 1), Signifier{Int64}(2, 2)], [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10, 11, 12]], [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]], 5, 12, 12, 0, 12, Vector{Int64}[], Vector{Int64}[]), Rible.StructureState{CoordinatesState{Float64, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}}, Vector{CoordinatesState{Float64, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, Vector{Float64}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}}}}(CoordinatesState{Float64, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}, Vector{Float64}}(0.0, [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0  …  0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0  …  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0  …  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0  …  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Float64[], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0  …  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0]), CoordinatesState{Float64, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, Vector{Float64}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}}[CoordinatesState{Float64, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, Vector{Float64}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}}(0.0, [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Float64[], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0]), CoordinatesState{Float64, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}, Vector{Float64}, SubArray{Float64, 1, Vector{Float64}, Tuple{Vector{Int64}}, false}}(0.0, [0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Float64[], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0])]), (activated_bits = Bool[0, 0, 0, 0], persistent_bits = Bool[0, 0, 0, 0], friction_coefficients = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], restitution_coefficients = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], gaps = [Inf, Inf, Inf, Inf]), Rible.StructureCache{InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseVector{Float64, Int64}}}(InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseVector{Float64, Int64}}(sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10  …  15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10  …  15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24], [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5  …  0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5], 24, 24), sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10  …  15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10  …  15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24], [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0  …  2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0], 24, 24), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 24, 24), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 24, 24), sparsevec(Int64[], Float64[], 24), sparsevec(Int64[], Float64[], 24), true)))

步骤 2：定义量器 ​

接下来，我们定义两种类型的量器：一个用于观测小车的状态，另一个用于测量杆子的位置误差。

julia
# 定义量器：观测 (Captum) 与 误差 (Error)
cart_captum = CaptumGauge(1, Signifier(cart, 1), PosVelCaptum())
pole_pos_error = ErrorGauge(1, Signifier(pole, 2), PositionCaptum(), [0.0, l, 0.0])

capta_gauges = TSC.TypeSortedCollection([cart_captum])
error_gauges = TSC.TypeSortedCollection([pole_pos_error])
TypeSortedCollections.TypeSortedCollection{Tuple{Vector{ErrorGauge{Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}, PositionCaptum, Vector{Float64}}}}, 1}((ErrorGauge{Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}, PositionCaptum, Vector{Float64}}[ErrorGauge{Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}, PositionCaptum, Vector{Float64}}(1, Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}(RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}(RigidBodyProperty{3, Float64, 9}(true, true, 2, :generic, 0.5, [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}[Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0)]), RigidBodyState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}[Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.5, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0])]), NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}(1, 3, LNCData{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [1 0 … 0 0; 0 1 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], LinearAlgebra.Symmetric{Int64, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Int64, Int64}}[[0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 2 0; 0 0 … 0 2], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0]], 6, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}([1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}[[1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]], InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}(sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5], 12, 12), sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], false), [0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; … ; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]), nothing), 2), PositionCaptum(), [0.0, 1.0, 0.0])],), ([1],))

步骤 3：定义致动器 ​

致动器定义了驱动量如何作用于物理系统。这里我们定义了一个在小车上施加水平推力的致动器。

julia
# 定义致动器：水平推力
force_actuator = ExternalForceActuator(
    1, Signifier(cart, 1), NaiveOperator(1), [0; 1.0; 0;;], [0.0]
)
actuators = TSC.TypeSortedCollection([force_actuator])
TypeSortedCollections.TypeSortedCollection{Tuple{Vector{ExternalForceActuator{Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}, NaiveOperator, Matrix{Float64}, Float64}}}, 1}((ExternalForceActuator{Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}, NaiveOperator, Matrix{Float64}, Float64}[ExternalForceActuator{Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}, NaiveOperator, Matrix{Float64}, Float64}(1, Signifier{RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}}(RigidBody{3, 3, Float64, 9, NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}, RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}, Nothing}(RigidBodyProperty{3, Float64, 9}(true, true, 1, :generic, 1.0, [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}[Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0), Locus{3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), 0.0, 0.0)]), RigidBodyState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}[Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]), Rible.LocusState{3, 3, Float64, 9}(Rible.CartesianFrame{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 1.0, 0.0], Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([0.0 0.0 1.0; 1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], Rible.ContactState{3, Float64, 9}(false, true, Inf, Rible.Axes{3, Float64, 9}([-0.0 -0.0 1.0; 1.0 -0.0 0.0; -0.0 1.0 0.0]), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]), [1.0, 0.0, 0.0])]), NC{3, 3, Float64, 9, 12, 144}(1, 3, LNCData{3, 3, Float64, 9}([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0], [1.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 1.0]), [1 0 … 0 0; 0 1 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 1 0; 0 0 … 0 1], LinearAlgebra.Symmetric{Int64, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Int64, Int64}}[[0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 2 0; 0 0 … 0 2], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0], [0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0; … ; 0 0 … 0 0; 0 0 … 0 0]], 6, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), RigidBodyCache{StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}, InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}, StaticArraysCore.MMatrix{6, 12, Float64, 72}}([1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], StaticArraysCore.SMatrix{3, 12, Float64, 36}[[1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0], [1.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 1.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]], InertiaCache{SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, SparseArrays.SparseMatrixCSC{Float64, Int64}, StaticArraysCore.MVector{12, Float64}}(sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5], 12, 12), sparse([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12], [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), sparse(Int64[], Int64[], Float64[], 12, 12), [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], false), [0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; … ; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 … 0.0 0.0]), nothing), 1), NaiveOperator(1), [0.0; 1.0; 0.0;;], [0.0])],), ([1],))

步骤 4：组装 Hub 并进行测量 ​

最后，我们将所有组件组装成一个 ControlHub，并演示如何执行测量。

julia
# 组装 Hub 并进行测量
coalition = Coalition(st_obj, capta_gauges, error_gauges, actuators)
hub = ControlHub(st_obj, capta_gauges, error_gauges, actuators, coalition)

# 执行测量
c = measure(st_obj, cart_captum)
e = measure(st_obj, pole_pos_error)
(c, e)
([0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], 0.125)